Shipping & Logistics — Frequently Asked Questions
Essential information about international freight, container shipping, and delivery logistics.
What is the difference between FOB, CIF, and DDP shipping terms?
FOB (Free On Board) means the seller covers costs until the goods are loaded onto the ship at the origin port. You handle freight, insurance, and import costs from that point. CIF (Cost, Insurance, and Freight) means the seller pays for freight and basic insurance to the destination port, but you handle customs and local delivery. DDP (Delivered Duty Paid) means the seller handles everything including customs clearance and delivery to your door. Most furniture importers use FOB terms for better control over freight costs.
How do I choose between a 20-foot and 40-foot container?
A 20-foot container holds approximately 28 cubic meters and is suitable for a single kitchen or a few wardrobes. A 40-foot container holds about 58 cubic meters and is needed for whole-house orders or larger projects. A 40-foot high-cube container offers an extra 30cm of internal height (about 68 cubic meters), which is useful for tall wardrobe panels. The per-cubic-meter shipping cost is lower with a 40-foot container, so consolidate orders when possible.
How long does sea freight take from China to major destinations?
Transit times vary by route: to the US West Coast 14 to 18 days, US East Coast 25 to 35 days, Europe 25 to 35 days, Australia 12 to 18 days, Middle East 15 to 22 days, Southeast Asia 5 to 12 days, and South America 30 to 40 days. These are port-to-port times and do not include customs clearance or inland delivery. Actual transit can be longer during peak season (August to October) or when port congestion occurs.
What is LCL shipping and when should I use it?
LCL (Less than Container Load) means your goods share container space with other shipments. It is suitable when your order does not fill an entire container (roughly under 15 cubic meters). LCL is charged per cubic meter and typically costs $60 to $150 per cubic meter depending on the route. The disadvantage is longer transit times (add 1 to 2 weeks for consolidation) and higher risk of handling damage. For furniture, FCL (Full Container Load) is generally preferred when feasible.
How should I choose a freight forwarder?
Look for a freight forwarder experienced in furniture and home goods logistics. They should have agents at both origin and destination ports, offer door-to-door service, and provide transparent pricing without hidden fees. Ask for references from other furniture importers. Compare at least three quotes and check what is included — some quotes exclude terminal handling charges, documentation fees, or customs brokerage. A good forwarder becomes a long-term partner in your supply chain.
What insurance should I get for my furniture shipment?
Marine cargo insurance is strongly recommended and typically costs 0.3 to 0.8 percent of the declared goods value. All-risk coverage protects against damage, loss, and theft during transit. Basic coverage only covers total loss from specific named perils. Ensure the policy covers warehouse-to-warehouse (not just port-to-port) and includes a reasonable deductible. Some freight forwarders include basic insurance in their quotes, but verify the coverage level and claim process.
What documents do I need for international furniture shipping?
Standard documents include the bill of lading (B/L), commercial invoice, packing list, certificate of origin, and fumigation certificate (for wood packaging). Some countries require additional documents like a phytosanitary certificate, formaldehyde test report, or import license. Your freight forwarder can advise on destination-specific requirements. Ensure all documents are accurate and consistent — discrepancies between the invoice and packing list are a common cause of customs delays.
Can I track my container in real time?
Yes, most shipping lines offer online container tracking using the bill of lading number or container number. Your freight forwarder should provide regular status updates. You can also use free tracking websites that aggregate data from multiple shipping lines. Real-time tracking shows vessel location, estimated arrival time, and any schedule changes. Set up email alerts for key milestones like departure, transshipment, and arrival at the destination port.
What happens if my shipment is delayed at port?
Port delays can occur due to congestion, weather, customs holds, or documentation issues. Containers at the port incur demurrage charges (fees for keeping the container beyond the free storage period), typically $50 to $200 per day. To minimize delays, ensure all customs documentation is prepared before the vessel arrives. Have your customs broker pre-clear the shipment when possible. Build a buffer of one to two weeks into your project timeline for potential delays.
Is air freight practical for furniture shipments?
Air freight is typically 5 to 8 times more expensive than sea freight per kilogram, making it impractical for most furniture orders. However, it can make sense for small, urgent replacement parts, samples, or high-value items like hardware and accessories. Air freight transit time is 3 to 7 days. For time-sensitive situations, also consider rail freight from China to Europe, which takes 15 to 20 days at about twice the cost of sea freight.
Ready to Start Sourcing?
Browse verified suppliers or tell us your requirements for personalized recommendations.